Background

Carolina Aguilar is the CEO and co-founder of INBRAIN Neuroelectronics, the Barcelona-based neurotechnology company developing graphene-based brain-computer interface therapeutics (BCI-Tx) and intelligent network modulation devices. She brings more than 20 years of expertise in healthcare to the role, including 13 years at Medtronic’s European headquarters in Switzerland where she led the company globally in brain modulation and diabetes businesses.

INBRAIN Neuroelectronics

Aguilar co-founded INBRAIN in 2019 together with Anton Guimera, Jose Garrido, and Kostas Kostarelos as a spinout of ICN2 (Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology) and ICREA (Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies). The team combined backgrounds from the nanoscience field, Medtronic, and Philips.

Under Aguilar’s leadership, INBRAIN achieved the world’s first application of a graphene-based BCI in a human patient at Salford Royal Hospital in Manchester in September 2024, holds FDA Breakthrough Device Designation for its graphene-based Intelligent Network Modulation platform, and closed a $50 million Series B in October 2024 with the densest European public-capital footprint of any BCI company in the world. INBRAIN was named a 2025 World Economic Forum Technology Pioneer.

Strategic position

Aguilar is one of the most prominent commercial-stage neurotechnology executives in Europe and is a frequent speaker at major BCI and medtech conferences. INBRAIN’s first-in-human study had enrolled and surgically treated patients by mid-2026, with the company positioned as a serious European entrant against the US-anchored cohort of clinical-stage BCI companies.